Demonstrative pronouns refer to or point out specific things, places, or people.

This, these, that, and those are demonstrative pronouns. This and that use singular verbs, while these and those use plural verbs.

Examples:

• This is the one I told you about.

- refers to a single person, place, or thing near the speaker

• These are not mine.

- refers to more than two persons, places, or things near the speaker

• That is a unique bag.

- refers to a single person, thing, or idea far from the speaker

• Those are her crayons.

- refers to more than two persons, places, or things far from the speaker

Demonstrative pronouns and demonstrative adjectives are identical but a demonstrative pronoun stands alone, while a demonstrative adjective qualifies a noun.

Demonstrative pronoun:

This smells good.

Demonstrative adjective + noun:

This cake smells good.