Amplitude

The crest is the topmost portion of a wave while the trough is the lowest portion. The height of the crest and the depth of the trough is referred to as the amplitude of the wave. Therefore, the distance from the trough to the crest is twice the amplitude of the wave. The amplitude is associated with the energy carried by the wave. The greater the energy carried by the wave, the higher is the amplitude.

Wavelength

The distance between two successive crests or troughs (first and second, second and third, and so on) is called wavelength. It is represented by the symbol λ and is expressed in meters (m).

Period

The length of time during which a single wave is produced is known as the wave’s period. It is represented by the symbol T and is expressed in seconds (s).